The AWD switch can be turned on, or off while the vehicle is moving. AWD will not engage until the vehicle is below 3100 RPM.
CAUTION: Switching to AWD while the rear wheels are spinning can cause severe drive shaft and gearcase damage. Always switch to AWD while the rear wheels have traction or are not spinning.
When the AWD switch is off, the vehicle drives only in 2WD. When the AWD switch is turned on, it electronically activates the Hilliard Clutch, and allows the front wheels to provide torque when needed.
When the AWD switch is turned on, a 12 Vdc current charges the hub coil and creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field attracts an armature plate keyed to a roller cage that contains 20 rollers. The difference in RPM between the input shaft and the front axles, forces the rollers into the external cam of the Hilliard clutch assembly. The rollers are forced inward to engage themselves to the output hubs that link directly to BOTH front axles, resulting in True All Wheel Drive.
If the roller cage is damaged, it may, or may not engage in AWD, but there will be a noticable clicking/grinding in the front differential.
If AWD is intermittent, the armature plate may be warped or coil may be weak
If AWD does not engage, there may not be 12 Vdc at coil, or coil could be bad.